К биологии бокоплава Ampelisca diadema (A. Costa) в Черном море
On the biology of the amphipod Ampelisca diadema (A. costa) in the Black Sea
On the biology of the amphipod Ampelisca diadema (A. costa) in the Black Sea
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1965
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Scientific literature about Ampelisca diadema (A. costa), which are a key component in trophic system of the sea, is scanty. For our investigation we used samples of benthos collected near the shores of the Caucasus and the Crimea in 1957, 1958, 1962 and 1963. In the 60 samples more than 550 A. diadema were found. Results of the study evidence that in the Black Sea this species is common, inhabiting mainly silty bottom grounds within the depth range from 10 to 100 m. The largest numbers (850 ind/m²) was registered in the sea area near the western Crimean coast at the depth of 18 m. A. diadema is a detrivorous form that feeds on detritus from the uppermost layer of sea floor. The alternative feeding by filtering muddy sea water or suspended particulate matter from near-bottom seawater layer is also possible. About 25 mm³ of the suspension or bottom mud passes a day through the intestine of adult amphipod. Life cycle, presumably, takes a year, not longer. A. diadema reproduce year round; two potential maximums may occur in February and in September. Relatively low fertility – not larger than 27 eggs – and late maturation (minimal body length of egg-bearing females is 6mm) suggest that A. diadema have low reproductive power.