Биоценоз саргассовых водорослей в Красном море
Sargasso biocenosis in the Red Sea
Sargasso biocenosis in the Red Sea
Дата
1965
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Drifting sargassos were collected in the open-sea areas of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden during two expeditions of the RV “Academician Kovalevsky” carried out in 1951/52 and 1963. The majority of the algae were identified to species as Sargasum vulgare L., and some as Turbinaria sp. Sargasso biocenosis consists of two segments – nearshore and pleuston. In the Red Sea it is a temporary assemblage in which littoral or neritic fauna is replaced by pleuston. The biocenosis will inevitably die because of the decaying thallus that was torn off the sea bed and the growing biomass of attached pleuston organisms. Nearshore sargasso fauna is represented by organisms typical of algal beds; many of these species also occur in algal beds growing in the Mediterranean and the Black seas; the largest number of species is characteristic of tube-dwellers. Species found in the pleuston fauna are like in sargasso biocenosis of the Mediterranean Sea and a small portion of fouling organisms. Being a natural reservation of fouling organisms, sargassos play important role by fostering increase of the fouling populations. In autumn, the seasonal NNW and SSE gales rising on the Red Sea torn the algae off the rocks and reefs; transferred by the surface currents from the north to the south, the sargassos cluster together in the central part of the sea.